Dualex是一款源自于法國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院 (CNRS)及巴黎第十一大學(xué)技術(shù)，由奧地利PESSL公司生產(chǎn)（原法國(guó)Force-A公司）開發(fā)的新型多功能葉片測(cè)量?jī)x。它可同時(shí)準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量葉片的葉綠素含量、葉片表層的類黃酮和花青素含量，適用于植物生理學(xué)和農(nóng)學(xué)（如水稻葉綠素濃度，玉米氮素狀況，葡萄藤等）相關(guān)研究。
 

其測(cè)量對(duì)象可以是單子葉植物，雙子葉植物或多年生植物。這款設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單易用，可進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)和非破壞性測(cè)量。由于不需要校準(zhǔn)標(biāo)定和事先的樣品制備，測(cè)量工作可在實(shí)驗(yàn)室或現(xiàn)場(chǎng)完成。此外，該設(shè)備在各種溫度的和環(huán)境光照條件下均可正常使用。系統(tǒng)采用專利設(shè)計(jì)，光學(xué)傳感器可進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單、快速、無(wú)損測(cè)量葉片中的葉綠素、多酚以及花青素。
 

Dualex便攜式智能氣象-葉綠素-花青素-黃酮醇測(cè)量?jī)x

背景和目標(biāo)

光學(xué)葉片感應(yīng)植物氮（N）狀態(tài)可以根據(jù)植物需求施肥。本研究的目的是評(píng)估葉片反射率指數(shù)和手持設(shè)備在葡萄N和葉綠素（Chl）估算中的適用性。
 

方法和結(jié)果

對(duì)長(zhǎng)期施肥試驗(yàn)中的雷司令葉進(jìn)行了氮和色素分析，并連續(xù)兩個(gè)季節(jié)記錄了其在可見光/近紅外范圍內(nèi)的光譜反射率。在第二個(gè)季節(jié)，還使用基于Chl熒光的便攜式設(shè)備（Dualex）對(duì)葉片進(jìn)行了測(cè)量。已發(fā)表的反射指數(shù)和熒光指數(shù)與色素和氮的濃度進(jìn)行回歸。Chl/N比率的時(shí)間變化使通過(guò)Chl間接評(píng)估氮變得復(fù)雜。紅邊拐點(diǎn)和幾個(gè)三到四個(gè)波段指數(shù)可以很好地預(yù)測(cè)葉片N。熒光指數(shù)可以可靠地估計(jì)N和Chl。
 

結(jié)論

雖然葉色素可以通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的雙波段指數(shù)進(jìn)行分析，但準(zhǔn)確的N估計(jì)需要更復(fù)雜的指數(shù)，如三波段指數(shù)或根據(jù)導(dǎo)數(shù)光譜計(jì)算的指數(shù)。
 

研究的意義

這項(xiàng)研究的數(shù)據(jù)將有助于種植者無(wú)破壞性地監(jiān)測(cè)葡萄氮素狀況的時(shí)空變化，從而改善施肥。

Performance of reflectance indices and of a handheld device for estimating in-field the nitrogen status of grapevine leaves 

Background and Aims

Optical leaf sensing of plant nitrogen (N) status enables fertilisation based on plant demand. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of leaf reflectance indices and of a handheld device for the estimation of N and chlorophyll (Chl) in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling.

Methods and Results

Riesling leaves from a long-term fertilisation trial were analysed for nitrogen and pigments and their spectral reflectance in the Vis/near-infrared range was recorded for two consecutive seasons. In the second season the leaves were also measured with a Chl fluorescence based portable device (Dualex). Published reflectance indices and fluorescence indices were regressed against the concentration of pigment and N. Temporal changes in the Chl/N ratio complicated the indirect assessment of N via Chl. Red edge inflection points and several three- to four-waveband indices allowed for a good prediction of leaf N. Fluorescence indices allowed for reliable estimation of N and Chl.

Conclusions

While leaf pigments can be analysed by simple two-band indices, accurate N estimation requires more complex indices such as three-band indices or indices calculated from derivative spectra.

Significance of the Study

Data from this study will assist growers to monitor non-destructively the spatial and temporal variability of grapevine N status and thereby, improve fertilisation.

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Dualex 便攜式智能氣象-葉綠素-花青素-黃酮醇測(cè)量?jī)x

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