Dualex是一款源自于法國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院 (CNRS)及巴黎第十一大學(xué)技術(shù),由奧地利PESSL公司生產(chǎn)(原法國(guó)Force-A公司)開發(fā)的新型多功能葉片測(cè)量?jī)x。它可同時(shí)準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量葉片的葉綠素含量、葉片表層的類黃酮和花青素含量,適用于植物生理學(xué)和農(nóng)學(xué)(如水稻葉綠素濃度,玉米氮素狀況,葡萄藤等)相關(guān)研究。
其測(cè)量對(duì)象可以是單子葉植物,雙子葉植物或多年生植物。這款設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單易用,可進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)和非破壞性測(cè)量。由于不需要校準(zhǔn)標(biāo)定和事先的樣品制備,測(cè)量工作可在實(shí)驗(yàn)室或現(xiàn)場(chǎng)完成。此外,該設(shè)備在各種溫度的和環(huán)境光照條件下均可正常使用。系統(tǒng)采用專利設(shè)計(jì),光學(xué)傳感器可進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單、快速、無(wú)損測(cè)量葉片中的葉綠素、多酚以及花青素。
Dualex便攜式智能氣象-葉綠素-花青素-黃酮醇測(cè)量?jī)x
摘要
植物病原體對(duì)全球糧食安全構(gòu)成越來(lái)越大的威脅,導(dǎo)致糧食短缺地區(qū)的產(chǎn)量損失超過30%。從社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)影響來(lái)看,苛食木質(zhì)部菌(Xylella苛食木質(zhì)部菌,Xf)是主要的越境植物危害,也是世界上危害性最大的病原體之一。光譜篩查方法對(duì)于檢測(cè)早期感染的非視覺癥狀和防止傳播至關(guān)重要。然而,光譜上可檢測(cè)到的由病原體引起的微妙生理變化與非生物脅迫的動(dòng)力學(xué)有關(guān)。在這里,我們通過對(duì)100多萬(wàn)棵不同物種、感染和水分脅迫水平的樹木進(jìn)行航空光譜和熱掃描,揭示了不同病原體和宿主特定光譜路徑的存在,這些路徑可以解開生物誘發(fā)的癥狀。我們證明,將這種生物-非生物光譜動(dòng)力學(xué)解耦可以將不同宿主的Xf檢測(cè)不確定性降低到6%以下。通過對(duì)另一種產(chǎn)生類似癥狀的有害維管束病原體大麗花黃萎病菌的這些偏離途徑進(jìn)行評(píng)估,不同的途徑仍然具有病原體和宿主特異性,揭示了整個(gè)病理系統(tǒng)的檢測(cè)準(zhǔn)確率超過92%。迫切需要高光譜方法來(lái)推進(jìn)毀滅性病原體的早期檢測(cè),以減少全球數(shù)十億作物損失。
Divergent abiotic spectral pathways unravel pathogen stress signals across species
Abstract
Plant pathogens pose increasing threats to global food security, causing yield losses that exceed 30% in food-deficit regions. Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) represents the major transboundary plant pest and one of the world’s most damaging pathogens in terms of socioeconomic impact. Spectral screening methods are critical to detect non-visual symptoms of early infection and prevent spread. However, the subtle pathogen-induced physiological alterations that are spectrally detectable are entangled with the dynamics of abiotic stresses. Here, using airborne spectroscopy and thermal scanning of areas covering more than one million trees of different species, infections and water stress levels, we reveal the existence of divergent pathogen- and host-specific spectral pathways that can disentangle biotic-induced symptoms. We demonstrate that uncoupling this biotic–abiotic spectral dynamics diminishes the uncertainty in the Xf detection to below 6% across different hosts. Assessing these deviating pathways against another harmful vascular pathogen that produces analogous symptoms,Verticillium dahliae, the divergent routes remained pathogen- and host-specific, revealing detection accuracies exceeding 92% across pathosystems. These urgently needed hyperspectral methods advance early detection of devastating pathogens to reduce the billions in crop losses worldwide.
相關(guān)閱讀
Dualex 便攜式智能氣象-葉綠素-花青素-黃酮醇測(cè)量?jī)x
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