基于多光譜成像技術(shù)快速無損檢測紫花苜蓿人工老化種子

瀏覽次數(shù)：1804　發(fā)布日期：2022-9-30　來源：本站　僅供參考，謝絕轉(zhuǎn)載，否則責(zé)任自負(fù)

種子老化是影響種子生產(chǎn)和儲藏的重要因素，給農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)帶來了嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，已成為影響種子活力中最具威脅性的因素之一。老化種子的檢測以及種子老化后發(fā)芽情況的鑒定對種子生產(chǎn)具有重要意義，但目前常用的檢測手段都是一次性、破壞性的。因此，一種快速、無損的種子老化和發(fā)芽檢測方法不僅是研究的需要，也是種子行業(yè)進(jìn)行種子檢測分選所急需的。利用多光譜成像技術(shù)，采集紫花苜蓿種子的形態(tài)和光譜特征數(shù)據(jù)，利用LDA（線性判別分析）、SVM（支持向量機(jī)）和nCDA（歸一化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判別分析）3種多元分析方法，對不同老化程度苜蓿種子及其發(fā)芽情況分別進(jìn)行分類和預(yù)測。結(jié)果表明，不同老化程度種子平均光譜反射率在470~660 nm處出現(xiàn)了明顯的區(qū)別。LDA可以區(qū)分老化種子和未老化種子（準(zhǔn)確度93.0%~97.7%），也可以區(qū)分不同老化程度的種子（準(zhǔn)確度75.3%~91.7%），且均高于SVM的分類結(jié)果（準(zhǔn)確度分別為92.4%~94.9%和68.7%~78.8%）；nCDA對老化種子進(jìn)行區(qū)分的準(zhǔn)確度高達(dá)88%~98%。同時，LDA可以準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測發(fā)芽種子和不發(fā)芽種子，準(zhǔn)確度可達(dá)98.7%，高于SVM的92.1%；nCDA預(yù)測老化種子發(fā)芽準(zhǔn)確度達(dá)到了90%~99%。本研究證明了多光譜成像與分析技術(shù)不僅可以區(qū)分老化種子，也可以預(yù)測種子的發(fā)芽。上述結(jié)果證實多光譜成像技術(shù)結(jié)合多元分析為高效無損檢測苜蓿種子活力提供了新途徑，具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。

圖1 4組種子材料的多光譜RGB成像

關(guān)鍵詞：老化種子;多光譜成像;多元分析;紫花苜蓿;無損檢測

Abstract

Aging during the storage of seeds reduces seed vitality and causes serious economic losses to the agricultural industry， and has become one of the biggest factors involved in decreased seed vigor. Distinction between aged and viable seeds is of high importance in alfalfa seed planting and production， but the existing methods are time-consuming or destructive. Therefore， a rapid and non-destructive screening method to distinguish aged and viable seeds is not only very necessary in seed testing and the alfalfa seed industry， but also potentially useful in alfalfa seed research. In this study， we collected data of both morphological features and spectral traits of alfalfa seeds using multispectral imaging （MSI） technology. Then， we evaluated three multivariate analysis methods： linear discriminant analysis （LDA）， support vector machines （SVM） and normalized canonical discriminant analysis （nCDA）， to classify seeds artificially aged for 0， 3， 6 and 14 days， and predict viable seeds which could germinate. It was found that the mean light reflectance at 470-660 nm differed significantly between non-aged and aged seeds. The LDA model based on a “hold-out method” provided accuracies of 93.0%-97.7% in distinguishing aged seeds from nonaged seeds， and 75.3%-91.7% in distinguishing the different groups of aged seeds. Corresponding values for the SVM model were a little lower， being 92.4%-94.9% and 68.7%-78.8%， respectively. The nCDA model also exhibited achieved aged seed discrimination with an accuracy of 88.0%-98.0%. Finally， viable seeds could be distinguished from dead seeds in all the categories of aged seeds， with accuracies of 98.7% and 92.1% in LDA and SVM analysis， respectively， while the accuracy of nCDA in predicting the germination of aged seeds ranged from 90% to 99%. This study showed that MSI could successfully distinguish aged seeds， and also predict germination of seeds. In summary， we demonstrated a nondestructive， rapid and high-throughput approach to screen both aged and viable seeds in alfalfa， and showed that MSI together with multivariate analysis is promising as a new tool for application in seed testing and field planting of alfalfa seeds.

Videometer Lab4多光譜種子表型成像系統(tǒng)是丹麥理工大學(xué)與丹麥Videometer公司開發(fā)，是用于種子研究先進(jìn)的多光譜表型成像設(shè)備，典型客戶為ISTA國際種子檢驗協(xié)會、ESTA歐洲種子檢驗協(xié)會、John Innes Centre、LGC化學(xué)家集團(tuán)、奧胡斯大學(xué)等等，利用該系統(tǒng)發(fā)表的文章已經(jīng)超過300篇。

Videometer種子表型表型成像系統(tǒng)可測量種子如尺寸、顏色、形狀等，間接測定種子參數(shù)如種子純度、發(fā)芽百分比、發(fā)芽率、種子健康度、種子成熟度、中壽命等。種子活力綜合種子活力是種子發(fā)芽和出苗率、幼苗生長的潛勢、植株抗逆能力和生產(chǎn)潛力的總和（發(fā)芽和出苗期間的活性水平與行為），是種子品質(zhì)的重要指標(biāo)，具體包括吸漲后旺盛的代謝強(qiáng)度、出苗能力、抗逆性、發(fā)芽速度及同步性、幼苗發(fā)育與產(chǎn)量潛力。種子活力是植物的重要表型特征，傳統(tǒng)檢測方法包括低溫測試、高溫加速衰老測試、幼苗生長測定等。

該系統(tǒng)也可以對細(xì)菌、蟲卵、真菌等進(jìn)行高通量成像測量，進(jìn)行病理學(xué)、毒理學(xué)或其它研究。對于擬南芥等冠層平展的植物，可以進(jìn)行自動的葉片計數(shù)等。